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CHAMPS Case Studies
Assessing the Role of Micronutrients through CHAMPS
ARM-CHAMPS
Assessing the Role of Micronutrients through CHAMPS (ARM-CHAMPS) is a special study using the CHAMPS platform that examines which vitamins and minerals are deficient among children who have died and enrolled in CHAMPS and among pregnant women at the Kenya and Ethiopia CHAMPS sites. For children who have died, liver samples are being tested for vitamin A, iron, and zinc, and serum samples are tested for vitamin A, B12, folate, inflammation, and iron status. In pregnant women, blood, serum, and urine are collected and tested for vitamin A, B12, folate, iodine, markers of inflammation, and iron status at early, middle, and late pregnancy. Preliminary findings from ARM-CHAMPS were presented at the International Congress of Nutrition in Paris, France (IUNS-ICN 2025), held between August 24-29, 2025
Figure 1. Widespread vitamin A deficiency based on gold-standard liver retinol with concerns of age-specific vitamin A excess or toxicity in certain countries (n=320) (Deficient ≤0.1 μmol/g, Adequate >0.1 to <0.7 μmol/g, High ≥0.7 to <1.0, hypervitaminosis ≥1.0) (preliminary results).
Figure 2. Preliminary results from ARM-CHAMPS showing the prevalence of anemia by trimester for pregnant women in Ethiopia and Kenya (using venous blood measured by HemoCue201+; adjusted for altitude per WHO guidance and using trimester-specific cutoffs).
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